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CARDIAC REHABILITATION
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common health problems worldwide. Cardiac rehabilitation is an important process for patients to regain their physical, psychological and social well-being after cardiac conditions such as heart attack, bypass surgery, heart failure or angioplasty. These programs aim to help patients adopt a healthier lifestyle, prevent recurrence of heart disease and improve quality of life.
What is Cardiac Rehabilitation?
Cardiac rehabilitation is a comprehensive program that includes various components such as exercise, nutritional modification, lifestyle changes and psychological support to improve the health status of individuals with heart disease and prevent the progression of heart disease.
This program is usually run by a multidisciplinary team including doctors, physiotherapists, dietitians, psychologists and exercise specialists.
Objectives of Cardiac Rehabilitation - Preventing the progression of heart disease and reducing its recurrence. - To increase the patient's physical capacity by strengthening the cardiovascular system. - To promote healthy living habits (regular exercise, healthy eating, etc.). - Providing stress management and psychological support. - To enable the patient to safely return to daily life activities.
Stages of Cardiac Rehabilitation
The cardiac rehabilitation process usually consists of three main phases:
1. Acute Period (In-Hospital Rehabilitation) - It starts during hospitalization and the general condition of the patient is assessed. - It starts with gentle movements and breathing exercises. - Information is given about the causes of heart disease. - When the patient is discharged, they are prepared to move on to the next stage.
2. Early Rehabilitation (Post-Discharge Period) - The patient continues a regular rehabilitation program in the first few weeks after leaving the hospital. - Cardiac exercise programs are implemented (walking, light resistance exercises, etc.). - Education on nutrition and lifestyle changes is provided. - Smoking and alcohol cessation is encouraged. - Psychological support is provided and stress management is taught.
3. Long-term Rehabilitation and Protection - The patient is encouraged to exercise independently and maintain a healthy lifestyle. - Regular check-ups and follow-up programs are implemented. - The patient's physical activity level is increased to maintain heart health.
Benefits of Cardiac Rehabilitation - Improves heart function and makes the heart work more efficiently. - Regulates blood pressure and cholesterol levels. - Increases physical endurance and makes daily activities more comfortable. - Reduces anxiety and depression caused by heart disease. - Significantly reduces the risk of heart attack or sudden death. - Promotes healthy weight control and reduces the risk of diabetes.
Components of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Program 1. Exercise Program - Controlled aerobic exercises (walking, cycling, swimming, etc.). - Resistance exercises with light weights. - Individually tailored exercise plans. 2. Diet and Diet Plan - A low-fat and low-sodium diet is recommended. - Diets rich in fruits, vegetables and whole grains are encouraged. - Fish and white meat are preferred over red meat. - It is recommended to avoid sugary and processed foods. 3. Psychological Support and Stress Management - Meditation, breathing exercises and relaxation techniques are practiced. - Patients with symptoms of depression or anxiety receive psychological counseling. - Motivation is increased through social support groups. 4. Control of Risk Factors - Smoking cessation programs are implemented. - Risk factors such as blood pressure, cholesterol and diabetes are closely monitored. - Patients are guided in establishing daily routines that support heart health.
Who Should Participate in Cardiac Rehabilitation? - Patients who have had a heart attack. - Patients undergoing bypass, stent or heart surgery. - Individuals with heart failure or arrhythmia. - Those at risk due to hypertension and high cholesterol. - Individuals diagnosed with cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion
Cardiac rehabilitation is an effective treatment program that supports heart patients' return to a healthy life. With the right exercises, healthy nutrition and psychological support, patients can strengthen their heart health and improve their quality of life. It is of great importance to participate in cardiac rehabilitation programs to prevent recurrence of heart diseases and lead a healthy life in the long term.
 

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